Chinese
Composition of Knitted Garment Production EngineeringKnitted garment production engineering is a systematic process covering raw material preparation, knitting and processing, dyeing and finishing, garment manufacturing, quality control, packaging, and warehousing. Each step is interconnected and collectively determines product quality and production capacity. The specific components are as follows:
Raw Material Preparation StageThis stage marks the starting point of production, with the core objective of ensuring raw materials are qualified and suitable for production needs. First, yarn materials must be selected based on garment style and intended use, with common options including cotton yarn, polyester yarn, and spandex elastic yarn. Simultaneously, quality inspections of the yarn are required to check indicators such as yarn count, strength, and evenness. Subsequently, winding machines are used to wind bulk yarn into large-capacity, well-formed cone yarn, removing impurities and defects from the yarn to reduce the risk of yarn breakage during knitting. For elastic knitted garments, pre-stretching treatment of spandex-covered yarn is also necessary to ensure stable tension during knitting.
Knitting and Processing StageThis is the core process of transforming yarn into knitted fabric, primarily accomplished using equipment such as circular knitting machines (large and small diameter). Machine types are selected based on product requirements—for example, single-jersey circular knitting machines are used to produce single jersey and mesh fabrics, while double-jersey circular knitting machines are used for interlock and rib fabrics. Operators must set parameters such as gauge, number of feeders, and fabric structure according to the process sheet. Through knitting actions like loop formation, tucking, and floating, the yarn is knitted into continuous knitted greige fabric. After the greige fabric is taken off the machine, it undergoes slitting and inspection, with defects such as holes or dropped stitches marked to provide qualified fabric for subsequent processes.
Dyeing and Finishing StageThis stage determines the color, hand feel, and functionality of the fabric and is divided into three main steps: pre-treatment, dyeing, and finishing. Pre-treatment involves desizing, scouring, and bleaching the greige fabric to remove sizing agents, oils, and impurities, thereby improving the fabric’s water absorbency and whiteness. Dyeing applies color to the fabric according to process requirements using methods such as pad dyeing or jig dyeing, ensuring color fastness meets standards and color is uniform. Finishing includes processes such as softening, pre-shrinking, and heat setting. Through the addition of auxiliaries or mechanical processing, the fabric’s hand feel, elasticity, and dimensional stability are improved. Some functional garments may also require special treatments at this stage, such as antibacterial or antistatic finishes.
Garment Manufacturing StageThis stage involves cutting and sewing the dyed and finished fabric into finished garments and consists of three core steps: cutting, sewing, and trimming/fastening. Before cutting, fabric layout planning is conducted to maximize material utilization and minimize waste. Cutting machines are then used to cut the fabric into pieces such as body panels, sleeves, and collars, which are subsequently numbered and inspected. Sewing follows the process standards, using equipment like lockstitch machines, overlock machines, and coverstitch machines to stitch the cut pieces into garments, with a focus on ensuring the smoothness and durability of the seams. Trimming/fastening involves completing processes such as buttonholing, button sewing, and label attachment to ensure the garment’s functionality and brand identification.
Quality Control StageQuality control runs throughout the entire production process and is key to ensuring product compliance. At the raw material stage, yarn quality is inspected. During knitting, greige fabric defect rates are sampled. In dyeing and finishing, fabric indicators such as color fastness and shrinkage are tested. During garment manufacturing, garments undergo full or sample inspections to check for dimensional deviations, sewing craftsmanship, and appearance defects. Additionally, quality standards and non-conforming product handling procedures must be established to rework or reject defective items, ensuring that finished products meet customer and industry standards.
Packaging and Warehousing StageThis is the final stage of the production engineering process and directly affects product storage and transportation. First, qualified garments are pressed and shaped to ensure a smooth appearance and good silhouette. They are then folded, tagged, and bagged according to customer requirements, with some high-end products requiring hanging packaging to prevent wrinkles. Finally, the packaged garments are warehoused, with proper storage management ensuring ventilation and dryness to prevent moisture or mildew. Shipment is arranged based on order requirements.